We often hear a keyword, big city disease, that is, large cities in the population expansion, traffic congestion, housing difficulties, environmental degradation, resource constraints and other "symptoms." An effective way to alleviate the disease in large cities is to develop small and medium-sized cities. So, how to effectively promote the development of small and medium cities? Recently, the surging news reporter interviewed the Chinese city and small town reform and development center chief economist Li Tie. Li Tie said that to break the hierarchical regional administrative boundaries, to the small and medium-sized city independent administrative power, with the city management divide and cure methods to promote the development of small and medium-sized cities. Here to talk about in detail.
First, the development of small and medium-sized cities in China is facing the problem. At present, China is the implementation of the city management system. What does that mean? Is the high level of large cities or mega-cities to manage low-grade small cities and small towns. In this way, high-level cities will gather resources in their own here, limiting the surrounding small and medium-sized cities and the development of small towns.What are the major cities or mega-cities to mobilize resources? There are three types:
First, the upper reaches of the program resources, such as land indicators. Who got the land index, who had the right to development. But recently these years, most of the land indicators left to the central city, to the county on the very few, to the town basically no.
Second, the implementation of fiscal policy. In a province, a large part of the main income of the lower government is to be handed over to the higher authorities.
Third, the higher cities can also be through the administrative planning, the original subordinate county or county town, changed its own direct jurisdiction of the region, to better mobilize resources.How should this change the status quo? Li Tie that the implementation of regional management and urban management division of governance, that is, to adjust the allocation of resources, to more power in small and medium-sized cities. Now many large towns have reached the level of medium-sized cities, if you can give them more development space, will be formed in the metropolitan area around the city.
For example, many cities in the world, the mega-city is only an independent main city, the metropolitan area is far beyond the scope of mega-city. Like Japan's Tokyo metropolitan area has 36 million people, then enlarge is 42 million people, the core of the main city is probably 10 million people, more around the metropolitan area is small and medium-sized cities. If we compare Beijing and Tokyo, Seoul and London metropolitan areas, we will find that the number of small and medium-sized cities in the metropolitan area of developed countries is many times that of China.
What are the benefits of forming the metropolitan area? Li Tie said that the city's development results, is the central city of the cost of a substantial increase. But after the formation of the metropolitan area, some large industrial enterprises can be transferred to the surrounding. The development of industrial enterprises requires a lower land cost and a relatively independent development environment. If they are mostly located in the main city, both elevated the price, but also exacerbated the traffic congestion, to people's lives brought a lot of inconvenience. If the future can actively promote the development of small and medium cities around the mega-cities, to encourage industrial enterprises to move in the past, both to reduce the pressure on the main city, but also to reduce the cost of these enterprises. In the international community, such as Microsoft, Apple, Boeing and other large enterprises, are also located in the big city around the town.
Speaking of which, some people may ask, under normal circumstances, the management level of large cities is relatively high, poor management of small cities. Let the small city to build a city out, will not cause more problems? Li Tie said, in fact, the country more than 800 large town, to create revenue and the ability to develop enterprises is not worse than the big city Although the big cities can use administrative resources to attract foreign investment, gathering vitality, but the efficiency will be greatly reduced, and finally lead to the city cost is too high, the development of crisis.
Give a few large town examples, such as Zhejiang Wenzhou Liu City, Longgang, Zhongshan, Guangdong Xiaolan, Dongguan Humen Changan, population size are in the hundreds of thousands. If you rely on the power of the market, these large towns can develop very well, very dynamic. For example, Dongguan's foreign population is about 6.8 million, equivalent to four times the local population, most of these people live in the town or the village. The more active the population is, the more vibrant and competitive.
But now most of these urban resources have been taken away by higher authorities. Li Tie has been to these places to do the investigation and found that their higher-level government where the city is very beautiful, but those who created more wealth and the development of the real economy of the large town infrastructure is seriously behind.
Li Tie suggested that in the process of urban development, the opportunity to transfer to the market. Through the market-oriented way, the population and industry reasonable allocation in the surrounding small and medium-sized cities, it will not cause the city core area is too large, but also to promote the development of small and medium cities.
First, the development of small and medium-sized cities in China is facing the problem. At present, China is the implementation of the city management system. What does that mean? Is the high level of large cities or mega-cities to manage low-grade small cities and small towns. In this way, high-level cities will gather resources in their own here, limiting the surrounding small and medium-sized cities and the development of small towns.What are the major cities or mega-cities to mobilize resources? There are three types:
First, the upper reaches of the program resources, such as land indicators. Who got the land index, who had the right to development. But recently these years, most of the land indicators left to the central city, to the county on the very few, to the town basically no.
Second, the implementation of fiscal policy. In a province, a large part of the main income of the lower government is to be handed over to the higher authorities.
Third, the higher cities can also be through the administrative planning, the original subordinate county or county town, changed its own direct jurisdiction of the region, to better mobilize resources.How should this change the status quo? Li Tie that the implementation of regional management and urban management division of governance, that is, to adjust the allocation of resources, to more power in small and medium-sized cities. Now many large towns have reached the level of medium-sized cities, if you can give them more development space, will be formed in the metropolitan area around the city.
For example, many cities in the world, the mega-city is only an independent main city, the metropolitan area is far beyond the scope of mega-city. Like Japan's Tokyo metropolitan area has 36 million people, then enlarge is 42 million people, the core of the main city is probably 10 million people, more around the metropolitan area is small and medium-sized cities. If we compare Beijing and Tokyo, Seoul and London metropolitan areas, we will find that the number of small and medium-sized cities in the metropolitan area of developed countries is many times that of China.
What are the benefits of forming the metropolitan area? Li Tie said that the city's development results, is the central city of the cost of a substantial increase. But after the formation of the metropolitan area, some large industrial enterprises can be transferred to the surrounding. The development of industrial enterprises requires a lower land cost and a relatively independent development environment. If they are mostly located in the main city, both elevated the price, but also exacerbated the traffic congestion, to people's lives brought a lot of inconvenience. If the future can actively promote the development of small and medium cities around the mega-cities, to encourage industrial enterprises to move in the past, both to reduce the pressure on the main city, but also to reduce the cost of these enterprises. In the international community, such as Microsoft, Apple, Boeing and other large enterprises, are also located in the big city around the town.
Speaking of which, some people may ask, under normal circumstances, the management level of large cities is relatively high, poor management of small cities. Let the small city to build a city out, will not cause more problems? Li Tie said, in fact, the country more than 800 large town, to create revenue and the ability to develop enterprises is not worse than the big city Although the big cities can use administrative resources to attract foreign investment, gathering vitality, but the efficiency will be greatly reduced, and finally lead to the city cost is too high, the development of crisis.
Give a few large town examples, such as Zhejiang Wenzhou Liu City, Longgang, Zhongshan, Guangdong Xiaolan, Dongguan Humen Changan, population size are in the hundreds of thousands. If you rely on the power of the market, these large towns can develop very well, very dynamic. For example, Dongguan's foreign population is about 6.8 million, equivalent to four times the local population, most of these people live in the town or the village. The more active the population is, the more vibrant and competitive.
But now most of these urban resources have been taken away by higher authorities. Li Tie has been to these places to do the investigation and found that their higher-level government where the city is very beautiful, but those who created more wealth and the development of the real economy of the large town infrastructure is seriously behind.
Li Tie suggested that in the process of urban development, the opportunity to transfer to the market. Through the market-oriented way, the population and industry reasonable allocation in the surrounding small and medium-sized cities, it will not cause the city core area is too large, but also to promote the development of small and medium cities.
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